B
What are the basic ingredients of good manners? A strong sense of fairness is one of them.
A friend once told me an experience that he had. When he was driving along a one lane, unpaved mountain road, the car ahead of his produced clouds of choking dust, and it was a long way to the nearest paved main road. Suddenly, the car ahead stopped at a wider place on the road.
My friend thought there must be something wrong with the car ahead. He stopped and asked if anything was wrong. "No," said the other driver. "But you've endured my dust so far. I'll endure yours the rest of the way."
Another ingredient is empathy. It makes a person see into the mind or heart of someone else. Recently I happened to read such a story in a book.
A man was having dinner alone, and he was trying to open a bottle. But he failed. Then he asked a waiter for help. The waiter took the bottle, turned his back and opened it without difficulty. Then the waiter closed it again and turned back. He pretended to make a great effort to open the bottle without success. Finally he took it into the kitchen and returned very soon. He told the man that he managed to open it, but only with a tool.
Yet another ingredient is the ability to treat people alike. No matter who he is and what he does, everyone is worth respecting.
词汇
ingredient /ɪn'gri:diənt/ n. 要素
fairness /'feənəs/ n. 公正性
one lane 单行道
unpaved /ʌn'peɪvd/ adj. (道路)未铺砌的
choking /'tʃəʊkɪŋ/ adj. 令人窒息的
endure /ɪn'djʊə(r)/ v. 忍耐，忍受
empathy /'empəθi/ n. 同感，同情
句型
No matter who he is and what he does, everyone is worth respecting. 无论他是谁，做什么工作，每个人都值得尊重。
理解
1. What are the three important ingredients of good manners according to the passage?
The three important ingredients of good manners are: a strong sense of fairness, empathy, and the ability to treat people alike.
2. Which of the three ingredients of good manners do you value most? Why?
I value empathy most. Because it makes a person see into the mind or heart of someone else.
解析：
翻译:
### B
良好礼仪的基本要素有哪些？强烈的公平感是其中之一。
一位朋友曾给我讲过他的一次经历。当他沿着一条单车道、未铺砌的山路行驶时，他前面的车扬起了令人窒息的尘土，而且离最近的铺砌主干道还有很长一段路。突然，前面的车在道路上一个较宽的地方停了下来。
我的朋友认为前面的车一定出故障了。他停下车问是否出了什么问题。“没有，”另一位司机说，“但到目前为止你忍受了我的车扬起的尘土。剩下的路我来忍受你的车扬起的尘土。”
另一个要素是共情。它能让一个人看透别人的心思。最近我在一本书中偶然读到这样一个故事。
一个人独自吃晚餐，他试图打开一个瓶子，但他没打开。然后他请服务员帮忙。服务员拿起瓶子，转过身，毫不费力地打开了它。然后服务员又把它盖上，转回身。他假装费了很大的劲去打开瓶子，但没有成功。最后他把瓶子拿到厨房，很快就回来了。他告诉那个人他设法打开了瓶子，但只用了一个工具。
还有一个要素是一视同仁的能力。无论他是谁，做什么工作，每个人都值得尊重。
### 词汇
- ingredient /ɪn'gri:diənt/ n. 要素
- fairness /'feənəs/ n. 公正性
- one lane 单行道
- unpaved /ʌn'peɪvd/ adj. (道路)未铺砌的
- choking /'tʃəʊkɪŋ/ adj. 令人窒息的
- endure /ɪn'djʊə(r)/ v. 忍耐，忍受
- empathy /'empəθi/ n. 同感，同情
### 句型
No matter who he is and what he does, everyone is worth respecting. 无论他是谁，做什么工作，每个人都值得尊重。
### 理解
1. 根据文章，良好礼仪的三个重要要素是什么？
2. 在良好礼仪的三个要素中，你最看重哪一个？为什么？
