2026年英语听读空间八年级英语下册译林版加强版第140页解析答案

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British people pride themselves on their polite manners towards one another in public. They often use the word "sorry"—even when they don't really mean it. Usually, if they want to ask a stranger for the time, they would start by saying "Sorry to bother you. Do you know what time it is?" If they're five minutes late for an appointment (约会), they would generally greet the person by saying "Sorry, I'm late!"
They use the word "sorry" in so many different situations that the meaning of the word has changed a little over time. The two main dictionary definitions of "sorry" are: (1) feeling sad for someone else because of their problems or bad luck; (2) feeling regretful because you've done something wrong. Now, think about this. Normally, when they want to ask a stranger a question, they start with "Sorry to bother you". In this situation, they aren't saying sorry because they feel sad for that person or because they feel regretful.
So what does "sorry" really mean? And why do British people use it so much? Well, in the British culture, saying "sorry" is a way to be polite, especially to people who they don't know very well. It's also a very clever way to get what they want. In a recent experiment, an actor went up to different strangers on a rainy day to ask if he could use their mobile phones in order to make a call. When he went up to one group of strangers and asked them without saying "sorry" first, he was only 9 per cent successful in borrowing their phones. However, when he said "sorry" to another group of strangers about the bad weather before asking if he could use their mobile phones, he was 47 per cent successful. So maybe saying "sorry" is not just being polite, but it is also a good method to get what they want too.
1. How do British people usually begin when asking a stranger for the time?

2. What are the two main dictionary definitions of "sorry" mentioned in the passage?

3. According to the experiment, how successful was the actor in borrowing a phone when he first said "sorry"?

4. Besides being polite, what can saying "sorry" help British people do?

5. Do you think saying "sorry" often is good or bad? Why? (请自拟一句话作答)

答案：1. By saying “Sorry to bother you”.
2. Feeling sad for others and feeling regretful.
3. He was 47 per cent successful.
4. It can help get what they want.
5. It is good because it makes us seem more polite. (言之有理即可)

解析：

翻译:
请认真阅读短文，并根据短文内容回答问题。
英国人以在公共场合彼此间举止礼貌而自豪。他们经常使用“对不起”这个词——即使他们并非真的是这个意思。通常，如果他们想向陌生人询问时间，他们会以“很抱歉打扰你。你知道现在几点了吗？”开头。如果他们约会迟到了五分钟，他们通常会以“对不起，我迟到了！”来和对方打招呼。
他们在很多不同的情境中使用“对不起”这个词，以至于这个词的意思随着时间的推移有了一点变化。“对不起”在词典里的两个主要释义是：（1）因为别人的问题或厄运而为对方感到难过；（2）因为自己做错了事而感到懊悔。现在，思考一下这个问题。通常，当他们想向陌生人提问时，他们会以“很抱歉打扰你”开头。在这种情况下，他们说“对不起”并不是因为他们为那个人感到难过或者因为他们感到懊悔。
那么“对不起”到底是什么意思呢？为什么英国人这么频繁地使用它呢？嗯，在英国文化中，说“对不起”是一种表示礼貌的方式，尤其是对他们不太熟悉的人。这也是一种非常巧妙的得到他们想要的东西的方式。在最近的一项实验中，一名演员在一个下雨天走向不同的陌生人，询问是否可以使用他们的手机打个电话。当他走向一组陌生人并且没有先说出“对不起”就询问他们时，他借到手机的成功率只有9%。然而，当他在询问是否可以使用他们的手机之前，就糟糕的天气向另一组陌生人说了“对不起”时，他的成功率是47%。所以也许说“对不起”不仅仅是出于礼貌，它也是一种得到他们想要的东西的好方法。
1. 英国人向陌生人询问时间时通常以什么开头？
2. 文章中提到的“对不起”在词典里的两个主要释义是什么？
3. 根据实验，当演员先说“对不起”时，借到手机的成功率是多少？
4. 除了表示礼貌，说“对不起”还能帮助英国人做什么？
5. 你认为经常说“对不起”是好还是坏？为什么？（请自拟一句话作答）