2026年学霸题中题七年级英语下册译林版第246页解析答案

Ⅲ. 阅读理解（每小题 2.5 分，满分 20 分）
A
Water is one of the most important substances (物质) on earth. Without water, humans, animals and even plants would die. About 70 per cent of our body weight is water. People could live for a month or more without food, but we could live for only three or four days without water.
How much water do animals and plants need? A human may need 2 litres (升) per day, a cow needs 135 litres per day and a large tree requires 20,000 litres a day.
How do we people use water? We drink water. We wash our bodies, our clothes and many other things with water. The foods we eat have water in them, and all our drinks are largely water. We use water to cook much of our food, and we use water for different activities, such as boating, swimming and fishing.
Plants need water to live just like we do. Plants use their roots to take up water from the soil. The crops that farmers grow as food need water to grow. In some places where there is little rain and the land is dry, farmers bring water from rivers, lakes and wells to their fields. It's called irrigation (灌溉). Some crops need more water to grow than others. Rice and cotton, for example, need lots of water, while olives and oranges need only a little.

Animals also need water to live. The animals that provide us with meat, milk and eggs need large amounts of clean water to drink. Water is also home to millions of plants and animals, including the fish we eat.
Some industries use water to cool hot substances or the moving parts of machines. Water also helps to produce most of our electricity (电). In hydro-electric power stations (水电站), the water of fast-flowing rivers is used to turn the machines that produce electricity.
Water is used to make many kinds of foods and many of the things we see or use every day.
1. Which of the following can be called “roots”?

2. What does the picture in the passage want to tell us?
A. Water is seriously polluted.
B. Water is needed everywhere.
C. Water is limited on our earth.
D. Water is used in the industry.
3. What can we know about water according to the passage?
A. Animals can live longer than humans without water.
B. Different kinds of plants need the same amount of water.
C. Irrigation gives farmers chances to grow crops in dry places.
D. Hydro-electric power stations can be seen in many countries.
4. What's the main idea of the passage?
A. The qualities of water.
B. The background of water.
C. The usages of water.
D. The production of water.

答案：1-4 ABCC
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了水在日常生活、农业、工业等方面的多种用途,并强调了水资源的广泛需求和重要性。
1. A 解析:图示理解题。根据“Plants use... from the soil.”并结合常识可知,植物吸收水分的部位是根,图 A 所示的分叉状地下部分是“根”。故选 A。
2. B 解析:推理判断题。根据文中插图列举了制造不同产品所需的水量可知,人类日常所用、所食的几乎所有东西都需要用到水。故选 B。
3. C 解析:细节理解题。根据“In some places... irrigation.”可知,在干旱地区,农民通过从河流、湖泊、井等处引水进行灌溉,从而能在缺水地区种庄稼,所以灌溉给了农民在干旱地区种植作物的机会。故选 C。
4. C 解析:主旨大意题。通读全文可知,文章主要讨论了水在人类、动物、植物、农业、工业等多个领域的用途,主旨应是“水的用途”。故选 C。

解析：

翻译:
Ⅲ. 阅读理解（每小题2.5分，满分20分）
A
水是地球上最重要的物质之一。没有水，人类、动物甚至植物都会死亡。我们身体重量的大约70%是水。人们没有食物可以存活一个月甚至更久，但没有水我们只能存活三四天。
动物和植物需要多少水呢？一个人每天可能需要2升水，一头牛每天需要135升水，一棵大树每天需要20000升水。
我们人类如何使用水呢？我们喝水。我们用水清洗我们的身体、衣服和许多其他东西。我们吃的食物里面含有水，而且我们所有的饮品大部分都是水。我们用水烹饪很多食物，并且我们用水进行不同的活动，比如划船、游泳和钓鱼。
植物和我们一样需要水来生存。植物用它们的根从土壤中吸收水分。农民种植作为食物的庄稼需要水来生长。在一些雨水少且土地干燥的地方，农民从河流、湖泊和水井把水引到他们的田地里。这被称为灌溉。一些庄稼比其他庄稼生长需要更多的水。例如，水稻和棉花需要大量的水，而橄榄和橙子只需要一点水。
动物也需要水来生存。为我们提供肉、奶和蛋的动物需要大量干净的水来饮用。水也是数百万动植物的家园，包括我们吃的鱼。
一些工业用水来冷却热的物质或者机器的运转部件。水也有助于生产我们大部分的电。在水电站，快速流动的河流的水被用来转动发电的机器。
水被用来制作很多种食物以及我们每天看到或使用的很多东西。
1. 以下哪一个可以被称为“根”？
2. 文章中的图片想要告诉我们什么？
A. 水被严重污染了。
B. 到处都需要水。
C. 我们地球上的水是有限的。
D. 水被用于工业。
3. 根据文章，我们可以了解到关于水的什么？
A. 没有水，动物能比人类存活更久。
B. 不同种类的植物需要相同数量的水。
C. 灌溉给了农民在干燥的地方种植庄稼的机会。
D. 很多国家都能看到水电站。
4. 这篇文章的主旨是什么？
A. 水的性质。
B. 水的背景。
C. 水的用途。
D. 水的生产。