Ⅴ.阅读理解
跨学科 生物 A food chain is a way to show the relationships(关系) among living things in nature. It shows the path(路径) the energy takes from the sun through producers and consumers to decomposers. Everything needs energy to live on.
A producer is a living thing that makes energy from the sun. It absorbs sunlight, turns it into energy and keeps it. A perfect example of a producer is a vegetable or fruit. These plants take in sunlight through their green leaves, produce energy, and keep it in the other parts of the plant, such as its fruit and flowers—what is most useful to consumers.
A consumer is a living thing in the food chain that eats producers or other consumers for energy. These consumers can be insects, animals and humans. Insects, like grasshoppers (蚱蜢), eat producers and take in their energy. Consumers can also eat other consumers. For example, consumers like lions and tigers often eat other animals below them in the food chain. In this way, energy can be passed to other consumers.
A decomposer is a living thing in the food chain that gets its energy from both consumers and producers by eating dead plants and animals. Ants and some other insects are good examples of decomposers. These living things eat dead plants and animals, take in the energy to live on and put new substances(物质) into the earth. Plants use the substances to make energy of their own to start the cycle again.
The food chain includes all living things on the earth and is difficult to understand. We can make an easy picture of the food chain by choosing just one group of living things. Here is an example of a simple(简单的) food chain.
1. What does the underlined word “absorb” mean in Paragraph 2?
A. Make.
B. Catch.
C. Eat.
D. Save.
2. Which of the following living things may be a decomposer?
A. Butterflies.
B. Bamboos.
C. Bees.
D. Flies.
3. 新考法 图示理解 Which of the following picture shows how the food chain works?
A.
B.
C.
D.
4. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Consumers are animals living on meat.
B. Producers can only live on the sunlight.
C. Decomposers are dangerous to other lives.
D. Every living thing is important to the earth.
